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Undiagnosed dolphin die-off - USA
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작성자
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arseidon
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작성일자
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2016-04-28
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조회수
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2195
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Undiagnosed dolphin die-off - USA
UNDIAGNOSED DOLPHIN DIE-OFF - USA: (MISSISSIPPI, ALABAMA)
> *********************************************************
> A ProMED-mail post
> < http://www.promedmail.org>
> ProMED-mail is a program of the
> International Society for Infectious Diseases
> < http://www.isid.org>
>
> Date: Tue 29 Nov 2011
> Source: Mississippi Press [edited]
> < http://blog.gulflive.com/mississippi-press-news/2011/11/sick_dolphin_found_in_alabama.html>
>
>
> Sick dolphin found in Alabama may offer clues to massive die-off
> ----------------------------------------------------------------
> A sick dolphin found Friday [25 Nov 2011] in a marsh near Fort Morgan
> [Alabama] -- named Chance by its rescuers -- may be headed to
> recovery, according to Moby Solangi, director of the Institute for
> Marine Mammal Studies in Gulfport [Mississippi].
>
> The live 2-year-old dolphin was among 5 found stranded within a week,
> Solangi said Monday [28 Nov 2011]. 4 of the dolphins -- 2 in Alabama
> and 2 in Mississippi -- were dead.
>
> Solangi said some of the samples taken from the live dolphin were sent
> to local hospitals for testing. Other samples are going to
> laboratories across the nation today [29 Nov 2011], he said.
>
> The dolphin is about 6 feet [1.8 meters] long and weighs about 220
> pounds [100 kilograms], he said. Solangi estimated the dolphin had
> lost about 20 percent of its body weight and said it was suffering
> from parasites, scrapes and bruises.
>
> He and others hope that the dolphin can be a piece of the puzzle about
> why dolphins have been dying in unusual numbers in the northern Gulf
> of Mexico.
>
> Solangi said, "We'll find more answers than we've been able to get in
> looking at dead animals."
>
> Deaths of about 600 dolphins since February 2010 have been described
> by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA] officials as
> an "unusual mortality event." The event is occurring from the
> Texas/Louisiana border to the Florida Panhandle.
>
> The deaths have become a focus of attention because of public concern
> that they may be linked to the 2010 Gulf oil spill and its aftermath.
>
> Said Erin Fougeres, administrator of NOAA's Southeast Region Stranding
> Program: "No individual animal is going to be the smoking gun that
> tells us the cause of all the mortalities that occurred, but it is
> always interesting to have an animal that is in such good condition."
>
> No connection between the dolphin deaths and the oil spill has been
> established, she said. "We continue to look at all possible causes for
> the mortality event and the oil spill itself is a potential cause that
> we are looking at," Fougeres said. "It may have impacted the animals
> by compromising their immune system to make them more susceptible, but
> we can't say that is what occurred at this point."
>
> Fougeres said the investigation into the dolphin deaths has been
> widespread. "We may end up with multiple factors as the cause," she
> said.
>
> Solangi said that 2 dolphins found dead Sunday at Gulfport and Pass
> Christian [Mississippi] were each about 5 feet long [1.5 meters].
> "This is probably the crop that was born in February and March this
> year [2011]," he said.
>
> An October [2011] report released by NOAA stated that 5 of 21 dolphin
> carcasses tested positive and were believed to have died from a
> bacterium called _Brucella_, which causes flu-like symptoms in marine
> mammals. All the carcasses that tested positive for _Brucella_ were
> found along the Louisiana coast. They included 2 adults and 3
> fetuses.
>
> The bacterium is associated with abortions in marine and other
> mammals. The number of carcasses testing positive or suspected
> positive for _Brucella_ has expanded to 10 out of 29, Fougeres said.
>
> In a typical year, about 30 dead dolphins are found along Mississippi
> and Alabama beaches, Solangi said. There have been more than 100 over
> the course of the past year, he said. "Of course, people are more on
> the lookout for them (since the spill), but there is obviously
> something going on," he said. This past February and March [2011], for
> example, saw a historic number of dead dolphin fetuses and babies, he
> said.
>
> Solangi said that the dolphin found Friday [25 Nov 2011] will stay at
> the Institute for Marine Mammal Studies for recovery and
> rehabilitation, which could last several months.
>
> [Byline: Harlan Kirgan]
>
> --
> Communicated by:
> ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
> <promed@promedmail.org>
>
> [Hopefully studies carried out on this sick animal will shed some
> light on the causes behind these unusual dolphin mortalities. If the
> problem is due to a common proximal cause (such as, a single etiologic
> agent that directly causes disease), the chances of establishing the
> origin are larger than if the problem is multifactorial. It is
> unlikely that _Brucella_ might be a sufficient cause of these
> die-offs, as this pathogen, although widespread in marine mammals,
> only seldom has been found associated with diseases such as
> placentitis/abortions, neonatal mortality, meningoencephalitis,
> abscesses, or other syndromes. To establish a more distant
> cause-effect relationship, such as the oil spill, might prove very
> challenging. - Mod.PMB]
>
> [The Gulf Coast of the US and the states of Mississippi and Alabama
> can be seen on the HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map at
> < http://healthmap.org/r/1vee>. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
>
> [see also:
> 2010
> ----
> Dolphin die-off - USA: (southern coast) 20100609.1929
>
> 2009
> ----
> Cetacean morbillivirus, dolphins - Black Sea: susp, RFI 20090831.3066
> Dolphin mortality - India 20090401.1250
> 2008
> ----
> Dolphin die-off - USA: (TX) 20080305.0913]
> .................................................sb/pmb/mj/jw
> *##########################################################*
> ************************************************************
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